In scientific research, Research Philosophy is not simply a theoretical section to “fill in” the Methodology chapter. It shapes how researchers understand reality, knowledge, and the process through which knowledge is created.One of the research philosophies commonly associated with qualitative research is Interpretivism.
Interpretivism suggests that social reality does not necessarily have a single, objective meaning. People experience, perceive, and interpret the world differently depending on their context, experiences, and social interactions.
Therefore, instead of simply asking:
“What is happening?”
Interpretivist research often goes deeper and asks:
“How do people understand and interpret what is happening, and why?”
Why is Interpretivism commonly used in qualitative research?
1. Focuses on meaning
Qualitative data often consists of words, stories, experiences, perspectives, and behaviors. The goal is not simply to count frequencies, but to understand the meanings behind the data.
2. Emphasizes context
The same behavior may have different meanings in different environments. Interpretivism allows researchers to examine a phenomenon within its specific context.
3. Values participants’ perspectives
Through interviews, observations, or focus groups, researchers seek to understand how participants perceive and construct meaning around the phenomenon being studied.
4. Recognizes the role of the researcher
From an interpretivist perspective, the analytical process involves interaction between the data, participants, and the researcher’s interpretation of the data.
However, one important point should be noted:
Not every qualitative study automatically uses Interpretivism.
The choice of Research Philosophy should be based on the Research Questions, Research Objectives, Ontology, Epistemology, and Methodology of the study.
A strong qualitative Thesis should not simply state:
“I use Interpretivism.”
It should explain why this philosophy is consistent with the way the research questions are formulated and how knowledge is generated within the study.
🎓 This is precisely the kind of Research Methodology thinking that PhD researchers need to clarify before beginning data collection and analysis.
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